ABSTRACT
The gender gap is a well-known problem in academia and, despite its gradual narrowing, recent estimations indicate that it will persist for decades. Short-term descriptive studies suggest that this gap may have actually worsened during the months of confinement following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. In this work, we evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on female and male academics' research productivity using preprint drop-off data. We examine a total of 307,902 unique research articles deposited in 5 major preprint repositories during the period between January and May each year from 2017 to 2020. We find that the proportion of female authors in online repositories steadily increased over time; however, the trend reversed during the confinement and gender parity worsened in two respects. First, the proportion of male authors in preprints increased significantly during lockdown. Second, the proportion of male authors in COVID-19-related articles was significantly higher than that of women. Overall, our results imply that the gender gap in academia suffered an approximately 1-year setback during the strict lockdown months of 2020, and COVID-related research areas suffered an additional 1.5-year setback.
Subject(s)
Authorship , COVID-19/epidemiology , Publications/statistics & numerical data , Quarantine , COVID-19/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , Research/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A pandemia da Covid-19 tem sido marcada por um período de isolamento social. Por isso, há uma tendência das atividades de lazer se alterarem ou se adaptarem às opções dentro das residências. Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e da aplicação de um questionário online, buscamos comparar as atividades de lazer vivenciadas antes e durante a pandemia e, ainda, procuramos compreender a importância atribuída por adultos e idosos ao lazer. Como resultados, constatamos que os (as) participantes alteraram significativamente seus hábitos de lazer, principalmente no que se refere aos interesses sociais, físico-esportivos e turísticos. Além disso, a grande maioria entende o lazer como algo fundamental na vida e uma parcela dos (as) pesquisados (as) tem percebido menos tempo livre para usufruí-lo no período de isolamento social, pois o trabalho e as tarefas do dia a dia estão cada vez mais imbricados. The Covid-19 pandemic has been marked by a period of social isolation. Therefore, there is a tendency for leisure activities to change or adapt to options within the homes. Through a bibliographic search and the application of an online questionnaire, we seek to compare the leisure activities experienced before and during the pandemic and, still, we try to understand the importance attributed by adults and elderly people to leisure. As a result, we found that the participants significantly changed their leisure habits, especially with regard to social, physical-sporting and tourist interests. In addition, the vast majority understand leisure as something fundamental in life and a portion of those surveyed has perceived less free time to enjoy it in the period of social isolation, as work and day-to-day tasks are increasingly imbricated.
ABSTRACT
A pandemia da Covid-19 tem sido marcada por um período de isolamento social. Por isso, há uma tendência das atividades de lazer se alterarem ou se adaptarem às opções dentro das residências. Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e da aplicação de um questionário online, buscamos comparar as atividades de lazer vivenciadas antes e durante a pandemia e, ainda, procuramos compreender a importância atribuída por adultos e idosos ao lazer. Como resultados, constatamos que os (as) participantes alteraram significativamente seus hábitos de lazer, principalmente no que se refere aos interesses sociais, físico-esportivos e turísticos. Além disso, a grande maioria entende o lazer como algo fundamental na vida e uma parcela dos (as) pesquisados (as) tem percebido menos tempo livre para usufruí-lo no período de isolamento social, pois o trabalho e as tarefas do dia a dia estão cada vez mais imbricados. The Covid-19 pandemic has been marked by a period of social isolation. Therefore, there is a tendency for leisure activities to change or adapt to options within the homes. Through a bibliographic search and the application of an online questionnaire, we seek to compare the leisure activities experienced before and during the pandemic and, still, we try to understand the importance attributed by adults and elderly people to leisure. As a result, we found that the participants significantly changed their leisure habits, especially with regard to social, physical-sporting and tourist interests. In addition, the vast majority understand leisure as something fundamental in life and a portion of those surveyed has perceived less free time to enjoy it in the period of social isolation, as work and day-to-day tasks are increasingly imbricated.